A very thoughtful artcile [@alexlange](/user/profile/alexlange) thanks. I hadn't previously put much thought into the issues of energy sourcing and how this could become an issue via increasing regulation of mining companies, or dare I say even an attack vector given enough time and centralisation. I guess miners can continue to move to more accommodating countries but options will no doubt dwindle as more governments want a bigger slice of the miners pie and control of operations. I'm not sure about routing fees being that big of an issue, at least in the short term, as even if the profit is small then the market would probably find away to extract this it; though I am not expert in this. Also, If fees are too high on chain then node operators will likely just defer closing their channel until better time. I found this Bitmex blog from last year interesting on what markets could be theoretically seen with lighting in the future, but obviously some of the suggestions seem a bit far fetched... At least for now! I still prefer the idea of keeping the blocksize down to allow people to run a node, versus massive POW chains that will likely only allow validation of transactions by institutional entites in the future. [https://blog.bitmex.com/the-lightning-network-part-2-routing-fee-economics/](https://blog.bitmex.com/the-lightning-network-part-2-routing-fee-economics/)